Microbial Comparative Genomics and Pangenomics: New Tools, Approaches And Insights Into Gene and Genome Evolution

Comparative Genomics is the field of knowledge dedicated to the analysis and comparison of genes and genomes. The scientific areas comprised in this field include subjects as diverse as (just naming a few): 1) the development of algorithms for the alignment of genes, whole genomes, short- and long sequencing reads, 2) the search for remote sequence similarity, 3) the discovery of motifs and sequence patterns, 4) the identification of gene families, 5) the detection of ortholog/paralog groups, 6) the reconstruction of evolutionary history of the genes, 7) the detection of signs of selective forces exerted over genes and genomes, 8) the reconstruction of ancestral DNA and genome sequences, 9) the detection and analysis of genome synteny, 10) the inference of ancestral gene order, among others. In addition, an important new sub-field of Comparative Genomics has emerged in the last decade, referred to as Pangenomics, making available improved tools to analyze the exponential genomic data accumulating since the development of Second- and Third-Generation Sequencing Technologies. <br/><br/>The first definition of Pangenome was synonymous with the entire repertoire of genes accessible to a particular species (the union of all genes). This initial concept was proposed when researchers tried to answer how many genome sequences are needed so we can have high confidence that all of the genes of a given species have been identified. Because the construction of this computational objec

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comparative genomics

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